四五月，后院白色苹果花开始盛开，尽管后来结出的总是酸苹果，花还是很香。六月，粉红的野玫瑰成片成片地开在山坡，最好选个下雨的日子，微风吹过，玫瑰香飘沁人心脾。契科夫说如果爱经常是残酷或毁灭性的，其原因并不在于爱，而在于俩人之间的不平等。法国大革命时将自由、平等和博爱一起提出来，确实具有革命性。自由给人以空间，而城市将人们集中起来，试图挤压自由的空间。平等给人际关系以保护，这种保护可以让人有能力离开被欺凌被操控的有害关系。有了自由和平等，爱才会正常成长，如花开于阳光和雨露之中。
维克多·雨果《悲惨世界》: 他对妇女和穷人特别宽容，因为他们受到人类社会的压迫。他说：“妻子、孩子、仆人、弱者、穷人和无知者犯错误，是丈夫、父亲、主人、强者、富人和有学问的人造成的。” “对于没有知识的人，你们应尽量教给他们知识。社会不办义务教育是有罪的。是社会制造了黑暗，它应对此负责。人的心灵充满黑暗就会犯罪。真正有罪的，并非是犯罪的人，而是造成他心灵黑暗的人。”
雨果: 黑暗笼罩着整个世界，但思想却光芒四射，无比灿烂。
雨果: 人的智慧掌握着三把钥匙，一把开启数字，一把开启字母，一把开启音符。知识、思想、幻想就在其中。
like something in Anthony Burgess: he was always honest and straight to the point in his writing. “no good blaming it on other people,” “we’re prone to evil,” “our problem is to learn how to live with it. it’s not to pretend that there are solutions.” though his answer to the question of “on what occasions do you lie” is that “when I write, when I speak and when I sleep.” he wrote about many writers. when he mentioned of The Lord of The Rings by Tolkien, he noticed that there was no sex in the story and there are full of men and men-like dwarves, elves and other monsters but women. (yes, there are wives and daughters in the story but not significant roles for the fantasy.)
Anthony Burgess: Sweden has its reward for integrity, and its recompense for a long, dull, dark winter, in a condition of prosperity so thorough that it can only invoke in the Swedes a profound sense of guilt. This guilt is palliated by hospitable immigration laws which permit Turks, Greeks, and Jugo-Slavs to take on the lowly jobs of the community. It is a kind of voluntary slavery typical of our age. Nobody believes that slavery has disappeared from the world: the conditions of slavery have changed, that is all. Slaves nowadays have passports and salaries, but they recognise themselves as inferior beings lucky to be alive and not at all resentful of the privileges of their masters. In Stockholm the lowly work is done by people of dark hair and skin; the fair Nordics labour at the more exacting tasks of creation and administration. They earn much and they pay exorbitant taxes, in return for which they are granted all the amenities of the welfare state. They are not permitted to drive cars while drunk and thus injure themselves and others. If they are stopped arbitrarily by the traffic police and a blood test discloses that they have taken half a glass of wine, they are forbidden to drive and have to undergo the beneficial privations of prisons indistingushable from hospitals. Their streets are as clean as their houses. They do not resound with drunken song, as in certain southern capitals. Life is safe. Life is dull.
Paul Simon, American Tune
American Tune
Many’s the time I’ve been mistaken
And many times confused
Yes, and I’ve often felt forsaken
And certainly misused
Oh, but I’m alright, I’m alright
I’m just weary to my bones
Still, you don’t expect to be bright and bon vivant
So far away from home, so far away from home
I don’t know a soul who’s not been battered
I don’t have a friend who feels at ease
I don’t know a dream that’s not been shattered
Or driven to its knees
But it’s alright, it’s alright
For we lived so well so long
Still, when I think of the
Road we’re traveling on
I wonder what’s gone wrong
I can’t help it, I wonder what’s gone wrong
And I dreamed I was dying
I dreamed that my soul rose unexpectedly
And looking back down at me
Smiled reassuringly
And I dreamed I was flying
And high up above my eyes could clearly see
The Statue of Liberty
Sailing away to sea
And I dreamed I was flying
We come on the ship they call The Mayflower
We come on the ship that sailed the moon
We come in the age’s most uncertain hours
And sing an American tune
Oh, and it’s alright, it’s alright, it’s alright
You can’t be forever blessed
Still, tomorrow’s going to be another working day
And I’m trying to get some rest
That’s all I’m trying to get some rest
notes
Shift your focus to determining how you know whether they learned what you claim to have taught (or indeed anything at all!). That is much harder, but that is also the real objective of any educator.
- GPC (general pixel computer)
pixel selection: up and down
pixel color pick: rotation wheel as color wheel
command API: take external input as a way to receive code and test cases
the only way to make money with what was ultimately a productivity product was by selling to enterprise (B) instead of individual customers (C).
The reason is obvious when you think about it: enterprises are paying for their employees’ time, so of course they are willing to pay for tools that make those employees more productive; consumers, on the other hand, are mostly looking to waste time, which is why attention-harvesting advertising is the only software business model that works at scale for consumer services. The fact that Silicon Valley forgets this is downstream from Silicon Valley being a bubble; normal people aren’t looking for agents to buy them tickets to a concert.
Still, the bubble was strong enough to convince OpenAI to make the exact same mistake Dropbox did: the company somehow convinced itself that it could make enough money selling subscriptions to consumers; Anthropic, meanwhile, realized that it was enterprises who were willing to pay for AI’s massive productivity benefits, even as OpenAI failed to capitalize on their consumer market penetration by refusing to build an advertising product.
杨宪益《银翘集》
聂绀弩
《李慎之口述往事》
李慎之: “不有秋瑟惊天下，哪得春温上笔端”（鲁迅）
鲁迅: 曾惊秋肃临天下，敢遣春温上笔端。(亥年残秋偶作)
- George Carlin, 1937-2008 on Indians
“Now the Indians. I call them Indians because that’s what they are. They’re Indians. There’s nothing wrong with the word Indian.
“First of all, it’s important to know that the word Indian does not derive from Columbus mistakenly believing he had reached ‘India.’ India was not even called by that name in 1492; it was known as Hindustan.
More likely, the word Indian comes from Columbus’s description of the people he found here. He was an Italian, and did not speak or write very good Spanish, so in his written accounts he called the Indians, “Una gente in Dios.” A people in God. In God. In Dios. Indians. It’s a perfectly noble and respectable word.
As far as calling them ‘Americans’ is concerned, do I even have to point out what an insult this is? —– We steal their hemisphere, kill twenty or so million of them, destroy five hundred separate cultures, herd the survivors onto the worst land we can find, and now we want to name them after ourselves? It’s appalling. Haven’t we done enough damage? Do we have to further degrade them by tagging them with the repulsive name of their conquerors?
You know, you’d think it would be a fairly simple thing to come over to this continent, commit genocide, eliminate the forests, dam up the rivers, build our malls and massage parlors, sell our blenders and whoopee cushions, poison ourselves with chemicals, and let it go at that. But no. We have to compound the insult.”…
I’m glad the Indians have gambling casinos now. It makes me happy that dimwitted white people are losing their rent money to the Indians. Maybe the Indians will get lucky and win their country back. Probably wouldn’t want it. Look at what we did to it.”
- Quebec: trees as living beings with rights
.. the small Quebec town … has become the first municipality in Canada to officially recognize trees as living beings with inherent rights … declaring that trees deserve protection, including the right to life, natural growth, integrity, and regeneration"
- Game industry: Microsoft Xbox layoff 4,800 (2026-07-06) and Sony discontinues discs for PlayStation games starting January 2028 (2026-07-02).
Dr. Funk McLovin: Nintendo always wins the console war because they understand the fundamental truth that games is toys. Xbox and Sony think games is movies and that’s why they’re fucking it up
Spite: I don’t think that’s totally true. Games aren’t toys or movies, they’re games. What they also absolutely aren’t is speculative investments or assets that only exist to appreciate in value, but unfortunately, those are the only things microsoft and sony understand.
Games are investment expecting returns for both Sony and Microsoft.
book: Folio editions of Homer, The Odyssey translated by Robert Fagles, Intro by Bernard Knox, and illustrated by Grahame Baker
book: Folio editions of Greek Myths, translated by
book: Ann Blair, In the Scholar’s Workshop: Hidden Histories of Collaboration and Authorship, 2026
song: Fishin’ for a vision, by Fruit Bats, Album: The landfill 2026
守朴持厚，惟真动人
Norway Eidfjord, Vestland
Buy a bible, don’t read it, and you’ll be a Catholic. Buy a bible, read only what suits you and you’ll be a Evangelical. Buy a bible, read it fully, analyze it, reason it, and you’ll be an Atheist.
番茄来自美洲、茄子来自亚洲，这怎么会是一家人呢？都是茄科还都是茄属
番茄与茄子体内都含有一种类固醇生物碱――番茄碱（α-tomatine）。 乍看之下两者的番茄碱结构几乎一样，只有一个小小的地方不同：第25号碳原子的立体构型，而番茄的番茄碱是25S型; 茄子的番茄碱是25R型。
和它们体内的手性（chirality）分子有关。 这就是像是我们的左右手，看起来相似，其实是镜像的，没办法完全重叠。 番茄和茄子就是这样的关系——长得像，但本质上有细微的差异。
S、R听起来颇高深，但是说穿了，它们俩是彼此的镜像对映（enantiomorph）。 什么是“镜像对映体”？ 简单说，就像我们的左手与右手，看似一模一样，却永远戴不进对方的手套。 这就是所谓的「立体异构物」（stereoisomer）：他们在镜中看到对方，但却永远都不是对方。
因为手性差异往往会改变分子如何与酵素、细胞膜或昆虫受器结合，进而影响毒性、防御力与代谢路径。 例如人们的细胞使用的胺基酸也有分为L型与D型（L与D也是用来描述立体异构物的词，跟R╱S之间有点一言难尽的关系），而我们的身体只能用L型却不能用D型; 而葡萄糖、果糖等糖类则几乎都只能用D型。
大名鼎鼎的沙利窦迈（Thalidomide，是一种具有中枢神经抑制作用的药物，过去曾被广泛用作镇静剂及妊娠性呕吐的预防药物。 ），也有R型与S型之分; 其中（S）-沙利窦迈有治疗孕吐效果，而（R）-沙利窦迈则会导致海豹肢畸形。
在地球上欧洲的地理和气候条件得天独厚，由于没有高山阻隔，来自大西洋的气流可以从西往东长驱直入，结果形成了冬暖夏凉的气候。
由于西部的洛基山脉和东部的阿巴拉契亚山脉都是南北走向的，在两者之间的中西部大平原上气流从南到北畅通无阻，结果形成了“冬冷夏热”的天气格局。在这一地区“春秋”这两个季节十分短暂，在此期间气温会忽冷忽热，就看是刮南风还是刮北风。由于南边的墨西哥湾在春夏季节会源源不断地向北输送暖湿气流，从而为中西部大平原提供了充沛的降雨，十分有利于这一地区的农业发展。此外，由于在历史上周期性的气候变化，冰川像推土机一样把北方大森林地带的沃土推向北纬37度以北的地区，造成了美国中西部地区的土地十分肥沃，所以成为了美国的大粮仓。然而，从墨西哥湾上来的暖湿气流也会带来气象灾难，那就是在这一片地区经常出没的“龙卷风”。
中国的山川格局显得不够“通透”，山脉之间纵横交错，结果各个地区的气候差别很大。中国最突出的地貌就是青藏高原，其起因是在大陆漂移过程中印度板块的挤压所致。这个高原上的喜马拉雅山脉挡住了来自印度洋的暖湿气流，结果导致了西北地区出现了大面积的沙漠。此外，南北走向的太行山和东西走向的秦岭也挡住了一部分从东南沿海过来的暖湿气流，也加剧了西北地区的干旱。在东部地区以秦岭和大别山为分界线可以分为南北两个区域，南方温暖湿润的气候适合种植水稻，而北方寒冷干旱的气候更适合种植小麦和玉米。
对基督教的权威造成最大冲击的并不是古希腊哲学，而是处在萌芽期的科学。由于科学的依据是实验结果，所以“上帝”被从舞台中央挤到了边缘。在科学发展的早期，两位英国人做出了杰出的贡献：弗朗西斯·培根系统地总结了科学实验方法，牛顿提出了力学三定律和万有引力定律。当人们发现天体的运行可以靠科学来加以解释和描述时，上帝的存在则变得可有可无。例如，当拿破仑看到拉普拉斯写的《宇宙体系论》时，曾经当面问他在书中为什么没有提及上帝，得到的答复是“我不需要这个假设。”
科学的威力也渗透到了文化层次，欧洲在17-18世纪出现了一场声势浩大的启蒙运动，人们认为凭借理性可以理解世间万物，而不用借助神学的帮助。因此，“人权”的观念逐渐被社会所广泛接受，基督教的“神权”和贵族的“特权”受到了打击。美国的《独立宣言》就完美地体现了启蒙运动的思想，尽管上帝的地位依旧崇高。在美国成立的早期，宗教势力和世俗势力达成了比较和谐的平衡，从而保障了社会的稳定和发展。
在启蒙运动的后期，欧洲出现了工业革命。尽管生产力水平获得了大幅提高，但是人们对冷冰冰的机器和理智感到厌恶和恐惧，从而催生了浪漫主义思潮。用黑格尔的观点来看，浪漫主义是对启蒙运动“理性主义”的一种“反动”。除了强调人类美好的情感以外，浪漫主义也带有对中世纪的怀旧心态。在其影响下法国爆发了大革命，国王、贵族和宗教人士都遭到了残酷迫害，社会出现了剧烈的动荡。随着拿破仑对欧洲的征服，“自由、平等、博爱”的精神火种得到广为传播。
如果从宗旨方面进行比较，法国大革命比美国革命更为激进。美国革命强调的是“自由”，而法国革命则更强调“平等”，这似乎成了如今共和党与民主党在价值观上的根本分歧。在“自由”大旗的旁边，共和党还打出了基督教的旗帜。换言之，共和党所提倡的“自由”是有清晰边界的，他们坚持捍卫传统的价值观，例如在性别的问题上。与之相反，民主党所强调的“平等”对少数族裔和弱势群体更有包容性。此外，一个自由的社会在“马太效应”的作用下必然会导致贫富分化，因此只有靠政府的介入才有可能遏制这种趋势的愈演愈烈，从而实现其“平等”的目标。如果与欧洲国家做一个对比的话，美国在经济政策方面自由，而欧洲在社会福利方面则更平等。
Libertango - Duo Melange, 2007