evolutionary biology: MS and ESS
Changes in assumptions: modern synthesis extended evolutionary synthesis the pre-eminance of natural selection reciprocal causation (organisms shape, and shaped by, selective and developmental environments) genetic inheritance inclusive inheritance random genetic variation non-random phenotypic variation gradualism variable rates of change gene-centred perspective organism-centred perspective micro-evolution macro-evolution For classical MS, the major directing or creative influence in evolution is natural selection, which alone explains why the properties of organisms match the properties of their environments (adaptation)....